Ukunyibilika kwe-Electron Beam(EBM)
Ukunyibilika okuKhethekileyo kwe-Electron Beam (EBSM) Umgaqo
Ifana ne-laser selective sintering kunyeUkunyibilika kweLaser okukhethiweyoiinkqubo, itekhnoloji ye-electron beam ekhethiweyo yokunyibilikisa (EBSM) yitekhnoloji yokuvelisa ekhawulezayo esebenzisa imiqadi ye-electron ene-eneji ephezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu ukukhetha umgubo wentsimbi webhombu, ngaloo ndlela unyibilika wenze izinto zomgubo.
Inkqubo ye-EBSM ubuchwepheshe buhamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: okokuqala, sasaza umaleko womgubo kwinqwelomoya yokusasaza umgubo; ke, phantsi kolawulo lwekhompyuter, umqadi we-electron uyanyibilika ngokukhethayo ngokweenkcukacha zeprofayili yecandelo elinqamlezileyo, kwaye umgubo wesinyithi unyibilika kunye, udityaniswe nenxalenye eyenziweyo engezantsi, kwaye ufumbe umaleko ngokwamaleko de yonke inxalenye inyibilike ngokupheleleyo; Ekugqibeleni, umgubo ogqithisileyo uyasuswa ukuze uvelise imveliso efunwayo enemigangatho emithathu. Isibonakaliso sexesha langempela lokuskena kwikhompyutheni ephezulu idluliselwa kwidyokhwe yokuphambuka emva kokuguqulwa kwe-digital-to-analog kunye nokukhulisa amandla, kwaye i-electron beam iguqulwe phantsi kwesenzo sombane owenziwe yi-voltage ehambelanayo yokuphambuka ukufezekisa ukunyibilika okukhethiweyo. Emva kweminyaka engaphezulu kweshumi yophando, kufunyaniswe ukuba ezinye iiparamitha zenkqubo ezifana ne-electron beam yangoku, igxile ngoku, ixesha lesenzo, ubukhulu bepowder, i-voltage ekhawulezayo, kunye nemowudi yokuskena ziyenziwa kwiimvavanyo ze-orthogonal. Ixesha lesenzo linempembelelo enkulu ekubumbeni.
Iingeneloye-EBSM
Itekhnoloji yokwenza itekhnoloji yentsimbi ye-Electron isebenzisa imiqadi ye-electron ene-eneji ephezulu njengomthombo wobushushu. Ukuskena ukubunjwa kunokwenziwa ngaphandle kwe-inertia yomatshini ngokulawula ikhoyili yokuphambuka kwemagnethi, kunye nemeko-bume yevacuum ye-electron beam inokuthintela umgubo wesinyithi ekubeni ufakwe oxid ngexesha lesigaba solwelo sokunyibilika okanye ukunyibilika. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-laser, i-electron beam ineenzuzo zezinga eliphezulu lokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ubunzulu besenzo esikhulu, izinga eliphezulu lokufunxa izinto, ukuzinza kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kunye neendleko zokugcina. Izibonelelo zetekhnoloji ye-EBM zibandakanya ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, ukuguqulwa kwenxalenye ephantsi, akukho mfuneko yenkxaso yentsimbi ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza, i-microstructure exineneyo, njalo njalo. Ukuphambuka komqadi we-electron kunye nolawulo lokujolisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye lunovakalelo. Ukuphambuka kwelaser kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwesipili esingcangcazelayo, kwaye isantya esijikelezayo sesibuko sikhawuleza kakhulu xa iskena i-laser ngesantya esiphezulu. Xa amandla e-laser anyuswa, i-galvanometer idinga inkqubo yokupholisa eyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye ubunzima bayo banda kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, xa usebenzisa ukuskena kwamandla aphezulu, isantya sokuskena selaser siya kuthintelwa. Xa uskena uluhlu olukhulu lokubumba, ukutshintsha ubude obugxininise belaser nako kunzima. Ukuphambuka kunye nokugxila kwe-electron beam kufezekiswa yintsimi yamagnetic. Ukuphambuka kunye nobude obugxininise bomqa we-electron bunokulawulwa ngokukhawuleza kunye novelwano ngokuguqula ubunzulu kunye nolwalathiso lwesignali yombane. Inkqubo yokugxininisa i-electron beam beam ayiyi kuphazamiseka yi-metal evaporation. Xa unyibilika isinyithi kunye ne-laser kunye nemiqadi ye-electron, umphunga wesinyithi uya kusasazeka kuyo yonke indawo yokwenza kwaye ugqume umphezulu wayo nayiphi na into edibene nefilimu yesinyithi. Ukuphambuka kunye nokugxila kwimiqadi ye-electron zonke zenziwa kwintsimi yamagnetic, ngoko abayi kuchaphazeleka ngokunyuka kwesinyithi; izixhobo zokukhanya ezifana ne-laser galvanometers zingcoliseka ngokulula ngokuphuma komphunga.
Laser mnatal Ukubekwa(LMD)
ILaser Metal Deposition (LMD) yacetywa okokuqala yiSandia National Laboratory eUnited States ngeminyaka yoo-1990, emva koko yaphuhliswa ngokulandelelana kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi. Ekubeni iiyunivesithi ezininzi kunye namaziko aqhuba uphando ngokuzimeleyo, le teknoloji Kukho amagama amaninzi, nangona amagama awafani, kodwa imigaqo yawo iyafana. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokubumba, i-powder iqokelelwa kwindiza esebenzayo ngokusebenzisa i-nozzle, kwaye i-laser beam nayo iqokelelwa kule ngongoma, kwaye i-powder kunye neendawo zokukhanya zentshukumo zihambelana, kwaye iqumrhu elihlanganisiweyo lifunyenwe ngokuhamba nge-worktable okanye i-nozzle.
Itekhnoloji yeLENS isebenzisa i-kilowatt-class lasers. Ngenxa yendawo enkulu ekugxilwe kuyo ngelaser, ngokubanzi ngaphezulu kwe-1mm, nangona izinto zetsimbi ezixineneyo zibotshelelwe ngokwesinyithi zinokufumaneka, ukuchaneka kwazo komda kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu akulunganga kakhulu, kwaye ukwenziwa komatshini kuyafuneka phambi kokusetyenziswa. I-Laser cladding yinkqubo enzima yomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ye-metallurgical, kwaye iiparameters zenkqubo yokugquma zinempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho weendawo ezigqunyiweyo. Iiparamitha zenkqubo kwi-laser cladding ikakhulu zibandakanya amandla e-laser, ubukhulu bendawo, ubungakanani bokungagxininisi, isantya sokutyisa umgubo, isantya sokuskena, ubushushu bedama elinyibilikisiweyo, njl. Ngexesha elifanayo, ipharamitha nganye ichaphazela enye nenye, eyona nkqubo inzima kakhulu. Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula kufuneka zamkelwe ukulawula izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinempembelelo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lwenkqubo yokugquma.
NgqoIntsimbi yeLaser Sphakathinge(DMLS)
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuSLSukwenza iindawo zetsimbi, enye yindlela engathanga ngqo, oko kukuthi, i-SLS ye-polymer-coated metal powder; enye indlela ngqo, oko kukuthi, Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) .Njengoko uphando kwi-laser ngqo sintering of powder metal lwaqhutywa kwiYunivesithi Chatofci e Leuvne ngo 1991, sintering ngqo umgubo metal ukwenza amacandelo amathathu-dimensional ngenkqubo SLS yenye yeenjongo eziphambili prototyping ngokukhawuleza. Xa kuthelekiswa neteknoloji ye-SLS engathanga ngqo, inzuzo ephambili yenkqubo ye-DMLS kukupheliswa kweendleko ezibizayo kunye nexesha elide lokunyangwa kwangaphambili kunye namanyathelo enkqubo yonyango.
Iimbonakalo yeDMLS
Njengesebe letekhnoloji ye-SLS, itekhnoloji ye-DMLS inomgaqo ofanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo iinxalenye zetsimbi ezinemilo enzima ngeteknoloji ye-DMLS. Kuhlalutyo lokugqibela, ikakhulu ngenxa yesiphumo "spheroidization" kunye ne-sintering deformation ye powder yensimbi kwi-DMLS. I-Spheroidization yinto apho ubume bomphezulu bolwelo lwesinyithi olutyhidiweyo buguquka bube bubuso obungqukuva phantsi koxinzelelo oluphakathi kobuso phakathi kwentsimbi engamanzi kunye nesixhobo esijikelezileyo ukwenzela ukwenza inkqubo equlunqwe ngumphezulu wolwelo olunyibilikisiweyo lwesinyithi kunye nomphezulu wobume obujikelezileyo kunye nobuncinci bamandla asimahla. I-Spheroidization iya kwenza ukuba i-powder yensimbi ingakwazi ukuqiniswa emva kokunyibilika ukwenza i-pool etyhidiweyo eqhubekayo kunye negudileyo, ngoko ke iindawo ezibunjiweyo zikhululekile kwaye zihamba, zibangele ukungaphumeleli kokubumba. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu ye-single-component ye-powder yesinyithi kwinqanaba le-liquid sintering, i-"spheroidization" isiphumo sibi kakhulu, kwaye ububanzi be-spherical buhlala bukhulu kunobubanzi bamasuntswana omgubo, okhokelela kwinani elikhulu leepores kwiindawo ezidibeneyo. Ngoko ke, i-DMLS yecandelo elilodwa lomgubo wensimbi ineziphene ezicacileyo zenkqubo, kwaye ihlala ifuna unyango olulandelayo, kungekhona ingqiqo yangempela "ye-sintering ngqo".
Ukuze woyise into ethi "spheroidization" yecandelo elinye lomgubo wesinyithi iDMLS kunye neziphene zenkqubo ezibangelwa yi-sintering deformation kunye noxinaniso oluxekekileyo, lunokufumaneka ngokubanzi ngokusebenzisa iipowders zetsimbi ezinamacandelo amaninzi aneendawo ezahlukeneyo zokunyibilika okanye ukusebenzisa umgubo owenziwe ngaphambili. Isixokelelwano somgubo wesinyithi samacandelo amaninzi senziwa ngokubanzi ziintsimbi eziphezulu zokunyibilika, iindawo ezisezantsi zokunyibilika kwesinyithi kunye nezinye izinto ezongeziweyo. Umgangatho ophezulu wokunyibilika wesinyithi njengomgubo wentsimbi njengoko isinyithi samathambo sinokugcina isiseko saso esiqinileyo kwi-DMLS. Iqondo eliphantsi lokunyibilika umgubo wentsimbi isetyenziswa njengentsimbi yokubopha, enyibilikiswa kwi-DMLS ukwenza isigaba solwelo, kunye nesiphumo seedyasi zesigaba solwelo, ukumanzisa kunye neebhondi zamasuntswana entsimbi yesigaba esiqinileyo ukuphumeza ingxinano ye-sintering.
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Umnikeli: Sammi
